Many other factors that helped bring about the war are central to understanding America's past. Wars are never simple and neither are their causes. The agricultural economy was certainly one cause of the Civil War, but not the only one. Everything else, many textbooks claim, was tied to that economic difference and was anchored by cotton. Northerners did not need slaves for their economy and fought a war to free them. Southerners made huge profits from cotton and slaves and fought a war to maintain them. At the same time, the warmer Southern states continued to rely on slaves for their farming economy and cotton production. The industrial revolution in the North, during the first few decades of the 19th century, brought about a machine age economy that relied on wage laborers, not slaves. Historically, textbooks have taught that incompatibility between northern and southern economies caused the Civil War.
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